Major League Baseball America s Pastime - 1824 Words

Major League Baseball is known as â€Å"America’s Pastime†. The human element in the game makes it exciting and unpredictable. Baseball remains, as it should, as an un-digitalized and an untimed sport. In 2014, Major League Baseball expanded the instant replay allowed challenges from solely home-run challenges, to almost everything, excluding only the calls on balls and strikes. Fans’ request was one of the reasons this was done. Another reason was there had been a handful of bad calls by umpires, which prompted the expansion of instant replay allowed challenges. Additionally, some thought it would make the game more interesting to watch by trying to limit the amount of incorrect calls by umpires. However, there are some flaws in the†¦show more content†¦In this article Kobritz states that â€Å"Instant replay is not a magic elixir for umpire incompetence†. He goes on to state There are a number of issues at play here, not the least of which i s that umpires are humans, which guarantees they aren’t perfect. No one should expect umpires to get every call correct†. Umpiring at the Major League level is not easy, despite what people sitting at home watching on television might think. If an umpire blinks, he could easily miss a pitch, and in –turn not be able to make a call. Major League Baseball has many excellent and well-qualified umpires, but they are often overshadowed by a few who might be competent umpires. All this adds up to the point that no matter how much instant replay is used, there is still the human element to the game of baseball. The human element of baseball is what makes the game so exciting. Some would even argue that Baseball is the most thrilling sport. Without the human element, there would not be any real reason to watch, or even play the game. Without the human element, a game would be played based on statistics. And when that happens there is no such thing as an upset. There i s no such thing as a ‘David versus Goliath’ type of game. And there is no such thing as a ‘Cinderella Story’ for any team, across all sports. These are the things that the human element makes possible,

ISM ISPS Codes - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1908 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? ISM ISPS Codes Introduction ISM Code: Safety Management System Safety management objectives are to offer safer practices in ship or rig operations and a safe working environment, assess all related risks to ships or rigs, personnel and the environment, establish proper safeguard mechanisms, and continuously improve personnel safety management skills, including preparation for emergencies concerning both safety and environmental protection. ISPS Code: Ship Security Management System Security management objectives are to establish an internationally approved framework to eliminate security threats and take precautionary measures against security incidents which directly or indirectly affect port facilities, ships and rigs. Also, to ensure the early collection and effective flow of security-related information, to provide a method for assessing security like having in place ship security plans and process instructions for changing security levels, and as well as to ensure the placement of adequate and clearly defined maritime security measures. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "ISM ISPS Codes" essay for you Create order By integrating applying both codes, the risk to the fleet can be minimized and fines and Port State Control detentions can be avoided. To help reduce the risks, the following are to be included as part of the final checks prior to port entry and voyage to ensure conformity to the international convention requirements. In addition, the implementation of ISM and ISPS will protect the fleetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reputation and will help to get most out of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s human resources. All items in this policy review are to be checked on an ongoing basis to supplement the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s operational and maintenance procedures as well as the  ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ag Stateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s requirements. ISPS Code Compliance Requirements Every ship or rig to which the security code applies must have: A Company Security Officer (CSO); Implemented and approved Ship Security Plan (SSP) ; A Ship Security Officer (SSO); IMO Number marked on certain locations on the vessel; Installed AIS, (see Equipment, paragraph 1) A Continuous Synopsis Record à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" CSR; and Installed Security Alert System (see Equipment, paragraph 2). Ship Security Plan Ship security plan is the plan developed to ensure the application of the vesselà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s or rigà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s measures and designed to protect the crew on board, cargo, cargo gear units, and stores or overall the ship from risks related to security incidents. The submitted SSP shall be reviewed and approved when it is verified to be in compliance with the ISPS Code. (Handbook for Ship Security System Audit, 2012) Continuous Synopsis Record The CSR is intended to provide an on board record of the history of the vessel or rig with respect to the information recorded therein. Manpower Port Facility Security Officer (PFSO) The person responsible for the development, revision, maintenance and implementation of the port facility security plan and operate as liaison with company security officer and ship security officer. Company Security Officer (CSO) The designated person of the company for ensuring that the vessel security planning is carried out; responsible for the development of the security plan, approval submission, maintenance and implementation as well as for liaison with the ship security officer, port facility security officer, and the flag. The auditor is to verify that the vessel has provided essential information of the individuals in their company who have been designated as a CSO. This information shall be in the SSP. Ship Security Officer (SSO) A person on board the vessel, most commonly the Master, designated as responsible for the security aspects of the ship, including maintenance and implementation of the ship security plan and to perform activities as liaison with the CSO, PFSO and the flag administration. The auditor is to verify that the company has designated and trained at least one of the senior officers onboard to perform the SSO duties. Equipment Automated Identification System (AIS) For all vessels performing activities and engaged in international voyages is required the installation of an Automatic Identification System installed according to SOLAS Chapter V Regulation 19.2 or a valid exemption certificate issued by the flag administration. The AIS installation has to be approved by the shipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s or rigà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s classification society. Ship Security Alarm System (SSAS) The installation and operation of SSA shall be verified upon installation by the RSO that issued the ISSC. The SSAS equipment and its operation are to remain confidential. The verification of the SSAS shall be conducted by the same RSO that issued the initial certification. The number of individuals, who were part of the verification and review process and have knowledge of the location of SSA, is to be kept to a minimum. 4.16.3The message programmed into the SSAS shall include, but is not limited to: Vessel name; IMO number; Call sign; Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI)/DSC number; Position, course and speed; and Date and time (UTC) of the message. The ship security alerts shall be sent to the company and the administration. Training The auditor shall verify that the CSO and SSO have received the appropriate training as referenced in STCW VI/56 and that documentary evidence is available. Refer to the corresponding flag administration website for list of approved training institutes. For all seafarers, a certificate of proficiency issued by CSO or SSO is to be available. The CoP will be granted upon the successful completion of the audit which examines the personnel in the following: Is the crew familiar with the content of the company security policy and the related procedures, as described in the SSP? Is there evidence about the crewà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s awareness in security related issues (e.g., access control of people, cargo control, restricted areas onboard, responsibilities in case of security threats, etc.)? Does the crew know how to respond to an attack or threat situation? Sustainability All records presented to the auditor shall be recorded in English. All records listed under the ISPS Code shall be kept for at least 3 years. This is to ensure that they will be available for review during the verification audits. Each vessel shall have an individual SSP tailored to its SSA. However, there will be information in each ships plan that will be the same for all of the ships in the companys fleet, for vessels on the same trade route and for sister ships operating in the same trade. The SSA for the first ship can be used as a model for each of the other ships engaged in the same trade on the same routes. The auditor is to verify any changes made in the CSR and that the flag administration has been informed accordingly. Failure to keep the Administration informed is cause for invalidating the ship security certificate. Company security exercise shall test communications, company coordination, resource availability and response in accordance with ISPS Code Part B/13.7. The CSO shall provide a summary of the vessels in exercise, that should include: Description of the scenario; Summary of the drill; List of all parties involved; and Description of any recommendations that could improve the SSP. Overall Assessment/Summary Even though, ISPS Code represents the culmination of just one yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intense work by IMO, an international framework focusing on the assessment of security threats and preventive measures against incidents, involving shipping and port industries and government agencies is established. In drafting ISPS code, care has been taken to ensure compatibility with the provisions of International Safety Management Code and the harmonized system of survey and certification. ISMà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main sections (1-9) are addressed efficiently in the ISPS code as follows. Safety and environmental protection policyISPS Company responsibilities and AuthorityISPS Part A-6 (pp.11) Designated personsISPS Part A-12 (pp.1617) Masterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s responsibility and authoritiesSOLAS Reg.8 (pp.118) Resources and personnelISPS Part B-15.5 (pp.77) Shipboard operationsISPS Part A-8 (under ship security assessment) Emergency preparednessISPS Part A-13 (pp.18) Reports and analysis of non-conformities, accidents and hazardous occurrencesISPS Part A-10 (pp.1555-59) However, ISPS Code requires further assessment to enhance its objectives, implement its paragraphs and allow for sustainability in the maritime industry. In order to, establish a more effective ISPS Code and manage more efficiently potential security threats recommendations have to be made. The following paragraphs are dedicated to the synthesis of a complete action plan for the implementation of the Code. Undoubtedly, many of them have been addressed as specific requirements from flag administrations, however if they get incorporated in the original document they are able add value to the present code. During SSP review and approval, the following shall be defined within the SSP, in addition to those listed in Part A of the ISPS Code. Shipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s security organizational structure; The vesselà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s relationships with the company, port facilities, other vessels and relevant authorities with security responsibilities and duties; The ship communication systems within the effective communication between the ship and port facilities or CSO; The basic security measures for security level 1, both operational and physical, that will always be in place; The additional security measures that will allow for the shipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s to change to security level 2 and, if necessary, to security level 3; The provision for regular review and audit of the Ship Security Plan and for its alterations in response to experience or changing circumstances; and Detailed reporting procedures to the Contracting Governments contact points. During the ISPS verification, the following sections of Part B of the ISPS Code shall be treated as mandatory requirements for issuance of the corresponding certificates. Revision of SSP; Protection of the confidentiality of security plans and assessments; Recognized security organization; Minimum competencies of RSO; Setting the security level; Contact points and information on PFSPs; Identification documents; Ships application of the security practices as recommended by the administration depending on the waters they are sailing; Manning awareness level; Accurate and rapid flow of information when a vessel is denied or expelled from a port; Ships from a State which is not a party to the Convention; Companys obligation to provide information about the ships operators; Minimum standards for the SSA; Independence of RSO; and Frequency of drills and exercises regarding security for crew and security officers. According to the Liberian Flag (ISPS Code Special Requirements, 2012, pp.5) although it is not a requirement, the company should contemplate incorporating the relevant shipboard security requirements into the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Safety Management System (SMS). The Safety Management system should: Define the security duties and responsibilities for the Company Security; Officer, the Ship Security Officers and the crew; Discuss who will be responsible for organizing security drills and exercises; Contain procedures for immediately reporting any noncompliance with the; ISPS Code, threats and breach of security to the Administration; Defined maintenance requirement for the security equipment; Provide for the logging of actions or measures taken to rectify deficiencies and non-conformities noted during Security Assessments and notification of the Administration and the RSO of any corrective actions taken; Provide the list of records to retain on board and retention period; Define the procedures for the harmonized internal ISM and ISPS Code audits State the company will provide the support necessary to assist the CSO and SSO to deliver their duties and responsibilities in accordance with chapter XI-2 of SOLAS and the ISPS Code. Abbreviations of terms ISPS Code ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (Formal name: The International Code for the Security of Ships and of Port Facility) ISSC ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ International Ship Security Certificate SSP ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Ship Security Plan SSA ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Ship Security Assessment CSO ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Company Security Officer SSO ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Ship Security Officer RSO ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Recognized Security Organization PFSO ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Port Facility Security Officer SSAS ¼Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¡ Ship Security Alert System 1

Annotated Bibliography Workplace Absenteeism or Anxiety...

Table of Contents 1. Cover Page †¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 2. Introduction †¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 3. Outline of search †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 4. My Preliminary Question †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . 8 5. A List of Key Terms amp; Definitions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 6. Annotated Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 a. List of 6 (Best) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 b. List of 2 (Non-research based)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦24 c. List of 2 (Irrelevant) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...27 7. Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦28 8. References / Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦30 Introduction The topics for this individual assignment are: Workplace absenteeism OR Anxiety and depression in the†¦show more content†¦I also thought it useful to narrow down my search to â€Å"Organizational Behavior†, â€Å"Management† and specify countries under â€Å"Subject Terms†. I could also keep my refined search by selecting the â€Å"Publication Dates† so that my reference list remains current and relevant. However, I did look at some old and useful articles to support my findings especially at writers who are pioneers in the study of psychology and management, more specifically in the field of Organizational Behavior and Management. Another interesting process whilst searching for articles, I took the opportunity to subscribe to two HR Professional sites like CIPD (The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, UK), and HRInsider.ca which is a Canadian/US based firm in order to get some reports and insight to Organizational Behavior and Management, in particularly to absenteeism in the workplace. There are other websites like SHRM.org, HRM Asia, and Acas whereby one is able to get bountiful information on the topic. I had to remain focused on my search and looked at academic sources and mostly peer reviewed journal articles. The topic is certainly very large and wide and there are so many available authors and so many works to look at. How does one then select 30 or so to present in the annotated bibliography? Well, I just had to spend much time to read lots of works andShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Job-Related Mental Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Burnout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Violence and Crime in the Workplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 External Impacts on Human Resources—Legal Protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 Equal Employment Opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Other Important Federal

Communication In Apology Letter Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Communication In Apology Letter. Answer: Just like verbal communication, while undertaking written communication also, the writer must hold accountability for whatever he writes, and hence should ensure integrity in whatever he communicates. However, there are many work-related reports which are not informative in the right sense, as they are exhibit the characteristic features of non-information, misinformation and disinformation. Such a misinformed work-related report has been presented below: Apology Letter written by a staff to his boss, for not receiving customer call and solving his inquiries in time: Dear Sir, I am very sorry for whatever had happened, and hope it would not happen in future. We feel sorry that the customers call has not been received at the right moment, and that he had to wait for a long period of time, before the call was being taken by one of my co-workers. As you know, taking up a call, at the peak moment is really challenging for us. We have to serve so many clients, which makes it difficult for any customer care executives to take care of all the calls. There was no one around to take up the call at a time, and all the staffs were busy in handling customers over the phone. Thus, it was not possible to take up the call in time. However, I regret the inconvenience of the client, and assure you that such incidents would not repeat again. Regards Mary. As evident from the above paragraph, the letter written by the employee asking for apology is not at all informative, and is rather misleading. First of all, the element of non-information is clearly evident in the letter, as the writer has deliberately chosen to keep silence on why was he incapable of taking up the call at the right time. He uses words like us, and tries to shift his blame on others (his co-workers), instead of taking responsibility for his own action. He deliberately omits information regarding why he has not been able to take up the phone call at the right time, and shifts the discourse, in explaining how the call has been taken up by one of his co-workers. Further, the writing also exhibits characteristics of disinformation, as the writer claims that it is challenging to take a call during the peak hours, and in this way, tries to shift the blame to the management practice of the organization he works for. He refuses to take accountability for his action, and rat her ends up writing a misleading apology letter.

Rate of Osmosis - Concentration free essay sample

A simple heading referring to your investigation Abstract: Write this section last! It is a brief paragraph or 2 which outlines the purpose, the method, the pattern of results and the conclusion you reached. It is an overall snapshot of the whole investigation. Introduction: Purpose: Biological Background: All living organisms are made of cells which are surrounded by a membrane. The cell membrane has many functions but the major function is regulating the passage of materials going in and coming out of the cell. These materials consist of sugars, salts, water and dissolved gases. Most materials move by simple diffusion from high concentration to low concentration. Some substances may be actively transported, which requires energy. The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane is called osmosis. Osmosis is the net movement of molecules through a semi-permeable [1] membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area with a high solute concentration. We will write a custom essay sample on Rate of Osmosis Concentration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this investigation, we are testing how concentration effects the rate of osmosis Hypothesis: The more hypertonic potato pieces are to a saline solution, the more weight the potato will gain. However, the potato pieces will decrease in weight when they are placed in a hypotonic solution. Dependent variables: †¢Change in mass of pieces of potatoes. Independent variables: †¢solutions sucrose concentrations. Controlled variables: †¢amount of time in the solutions †¢surface area of the potato segments Factors held constant: Identify and follow with a prediction/s about the results expected to either support or not support the hypothesis Materials and method Materials: †¢2 large potatoes †¢Spoon †¢Ruler †¢3 x 250 mL beakers †¢Knife †¢Paper towel †¢NaCl solution (1% and 10%) †¢Electronic balance †¢Distilled water Method 1. Peel the potatoes and cut into 2cm3 cubes 2. Label the cubes of potato with the numbers 1 through to 6 3. Weigh each of the labeled cubes and record their â€Å"before† mass 4. In the beaker with 200mL of distilled water, place two cubes in and start the timer 5. When one minute has passed, in the beaker with 200mL of NaCl with a concentration of 2% place two cubes 6. When two minutes have passed, in the beaker with 200mL of NaCl with a concentration of 10% place two cubes in 7. After the cubes have been sitting in the solution for twenty minutes, remove and place onto paper towel. 8. Proceed to weigh the cubes once again and record their â€Å"after† mass Safety Assessment Possible Hazard Hazard assessmentSuggested safe operating procedure Knife High†¢Safe workplace †¢ one person cutting at a time Glassware Low-med†¢Walk carefully

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buy custom History and World Civilization essay The American civil war began because of the pressure by states in the north to end slavery. The pressure resulted from the conflict between the American federal government and eleven southern states that opposed abolition of slavery in United States. In 1840s and 1850s, Northern mounted a joint effort to revolt against the slavery, which was inconsistent with the Southern states aims. The revolt threatened the economic sustainability of southern states, which depended on the control that they had over slavery for economic growth. In the north, anti-slavery gained roots and the states increased their joint efforts in abolishing slavery. This strengthened further when Abraham Lincoln, a candidate against slavery, won the presidential election in 1860. In 1860, the southern states revolted against the union to protect what they saw as their right to keep slaves. The Southern states, under the leadership of Jefferson Davis, formed the Confederate States of America. While in the north states, under the leadership of Abraham Lincoln, formed The Union. However, The Union had more people compared to the southern states; because there were a total of 25 Northern states against slavery compared to only 11 states that were determined to fight for slavery. In addition to the number of people, The Union under Lincoln had an added advantage over the southern states in terms of production and transport. This gave them economic power over the southern states making them more likely to win the civil war (Perman and Taylor, 2009). In 1865, the southern states surrendered in their fight for slavery. As a result, slavery ended in the history of American under the leadership of Abraham Lincoln. Many people died during the war. About 620000 of the 2.4 million were soldiers. In the end, The Federal Union prevailed and the slavery ended (Walker, 2002). Buy custom History and World Civilization essay

Interesting Facts About European Green Crab

Interesting Facts About European Green Crab The green crab (Carcinus maenas) is commonly found in tide pools along the East Coast of the United States from Delaware to Nova Scotia, but this species is not native to these areas. This now-abundant species is thought to have been introduced into U.S. waters from Europe. Green Crab Identification Green crabs are a relatively small crab, with a carapace  that is up to about 4 inches across. Their coloration varies from green to brown to reddish orange. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceanClass: MalacostracaOrder: DecapodaFamily: PortunidaeGenus: CarcinusSpecies: maenas Where Are Green Crabs Found? Green crabs are widespread in the eastern U.S., but they arent supposed to be here. The green crabs native range is along the Atlantic coast of Europe and northern Africa. However, in the 1800s, the species was transported to Cape Cod, Massachusetts and is now found in the eastern U.S. from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Delaware. In 1989, green crabs were discovered in San Francisco Bay, and now they inhabit the West Coast up to British Columbia. Green crabs have also been recorded in Australia, Sri Lanka, South Africa and Hawaii. It is thought that they were transported in the ballast water of ships, or in seaweed that was used to pack seafood. Feeding The green crab is a voracious predator, feeding primarily on other crustaceans and bivalves such as soft-shelled clams, oysters, and scallops. The green crab moves quickly are dexterous and are capable of learning, so that it can improve its prey-handling skills while it is foraging. Reproduction and Life Cycle Female green crabs can produce up to 185,000 eggs at a time. Females molt once each year, usually during the summer. During this time, the crab is very vulnerable until its new shell hardens, and the male green crab guards the female by pairing with her in pre-molt cradling, defending the female from predators and other males. A few months after mating, the females egg sac appears. The female carries this egg sac for several months, then the eggs hatch into free-swimming larvae, which stay in the water column for 17-80 days before settling to the bottom. Green crabs are estimated to live up to 5 years. Conservation Green crab populations have expanded rapidly from their native home in the Eastern North Atlantic, and they have been introduced into many areas. There are several ways that the green crab can be transported to new areas, including in the ballast water in ships, in seaweeds that are used as packing materials to ship marine organisms, as bivalves shipped for aquaculture, and movement on water currents. Once they are introduced, they compete with native shellfish and other animals for prey and habitat. Sources MIT Sea Grant. 2009. Introduced Species (Online). MIT Sea Grant Center for Coastal Resources. Accessed May 23, 2009.National Heritage Trust. 2009. European Shore Crab (Carcinus maenas). National Introduced Marine Pest Information System, CRIMP No. 6275. Accessed May 23, 2009 (link no longer active as of June 2014).Perry, Harriet. 2009. Carcinus maenas. (Online) USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. Accessed May 23, 2009.Prince William Sound Regional Citizens Advisory Council. 2004. Green Crab (Carcinus maenas). (Online) Non-Indigenous Aquatic Species of Concern for Alaska. Accessed May 23, 2009.Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2009. Carcinus maenas (Green Crab). Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Invasive Species Fact Sheets. Accessed May 23, 2009, online. As of August 2010, no longer online.